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IBM

Latest: FY2025 · Thesis page →
Revenue$67.5B+7.6% YoY
Net income$10.6B+75.9% YoY
Free cash flow$12.1B-2.4% YoY
Gross margin58.2%+1.5 pts vs a year ago

Revenue vs Net income

Reported dollars from 10-Q / 10-K filings. Q4 bars are derived (annual less nine months) where the 10-K does not tag Q4 separately.

■ Revenue   ■ Net income
$0$24.3B$48.6B$72.9BFY21FY22FY23FY24FY25

Margin trend

Gross, operating and net margin. Margins are derived from reported dollars.

● Gross margin   ● Operating margin   ● Net margin
-6%18%42%67%FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25

Revenue YoY growth

Year-over-year change vs the same quarter (or fiscal year) a year earlier. Shown where the prior-year period is in the 8-quarter snapshot (latest four quarters).

+6%+2%+1%+8%FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25

Income statement

From 10-Q / 10-K XBRL. Values in reported dollars; EPS in $/share; share counts in shares.

FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
Revenue$57.4B$60.5B$61.9B$62.8B$67.5B
YoY—+5.5%+2.2%+1.4%+7.6%
Cost of goods sold$25.9B$27.8B$27.6B$27.2B$28.2B
YoY—+7.6%-1.0%-1.3%+3.8%
Gross profit$31.5B$32.7B$34.3B$35.6B$39.3B
YoY—+3.8%+4.9%+3.6%+10.5%
Research & development$6.5B$6.6B$6.8B$7.5B$8.3B
YoY—+1.2%+3.2%+10.4%+11.2%
Selling, general & administrative$18.7B$18.6B$19.0B$19.7B$20.1B
YoY—-0.7%+2.1%+3.6%+2.2%
Operating income—————
YoY—————
Pretax income$4.8B$1.2B$8.7B$5.8B$10.3B
YoY—-76.1%+651.7%-33.3%+78.2%
Income tax$124.0M$-626.0M$1.2B$-218.0M$-242.0M
YoY—-604.8%+287.9%-118.5%-11.0%
Net income$5.7B$1.6B$7.5B$6.0B$10.6B
YoY—-71.5%+357.7%-19.7%+75.9%
EPS — basic$6.41$1.82$8.23$6.53$11.36
YoY—-71.6%+352.2%-20.7%+74.0%
EPS — diluted$6.35$1.80$8.14$6.43$11.17
YoY—-71.7%+352.2%-21.0%+73.7%
Weighted shares — basic896.0M902.7M911.2M921.8M932.3M
Weighted shares — diluted904.6M912.3M922.1M937.2M948.7M

Balance sheet

Point-in-time values at each quarter (or fiscal year) end.

FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
Cash & equivalents$6.7B$7.9B$13.1B$13.9B$13.6B
YoY—+18.6%+65.7%+6.7%-2.6%
Marketable securities (current)—————
YoY—————
Accounts receivable$6.8B$6.5B$7.2B$6.8B$8.1B
YoY—-3.2%+10.3%-5.7%+19.2%
Inventory$1.6B$1.6B$1.2B$1.3B$1.2B
YoY—-5.9%-25.2%+11.0%-5.4%
Total current assets$29.5B$29.1B$32.9B$34.5B$36.9B
YoY—-1.4%+13.0%+4.8%+7.1%
Total assets$132.0B$127.2B$135.2B$137.2B$151.9B
YoY—-3.6%+6.3%+1.4%+10.7%
Total current liabilities$33.6B$31.5B$34.1B$33.1B$38.7B
YoY—-6.3%+8.3%-2.9%+16.6%
Total liabilities$113.0B$105.2B$112.6B$109.8B$119.1B
YoY—-6.9%+7.0%-2.5%+8.5%
Total equity$18.9B$21.9B$22.5B$27.3B$32.6B
YoY—+16.1%+2.7%+21.2%+19.6%
Shares outstanding898.1M906.1M915.0M926.3M937.0M
YoY—+0.9%+1.0%+1.2%+1.2%

Cash flow

Quarterly values derived from year-to-date filings (Q4 from the 10-K). Free cash flow = operating cash flow − capital expenditures.

FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
Operating cash flow$12.8B$10.4B$13.9B$13.4B$13.2B
YoY—-18.5%+33.5%-3.5%-1.9%
Capital expenditures$2.1B$1.3B$1.2B$1.0B$1.1B
YoY—-34.7%-7.5%-15.8%+4.1%
Free cash flow$10.7B$9.1B$12.7B$12.4B$12.1B
YoY—-15.3%+39.6%-2.3%-2.4%
Dividends paid—————
YoY—————
Share repurchases—————
YoY—————

Margins & ratios

Derived from the reported dollars above — no separate source.

FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
Gross margin54.9%54.0%55.4%56.7%58.2%
Operating margin—————
Net margin10.0%2.7%12.1%9.6%15.7%
Free cash flow margin18.7%15.0%20.5%19.8%17.9%
Effective tax rate2.6%-54.2%13.5%-3.8%-2.3%
Current ratio0.88x0.92x0.96x1.04x0.96x
Total liabilities / equity5.98x4.80x5.00x4.02x3.65x

Peer comparison — latest full year

Same sector (Information Technology), sorted by revenue. All figures from the same EDGAR XBRL snapshot.

TickerRevenueRevenue YoYGross marginOperating marginNet marginFCF margin
IBM FY25 · this stock$67.5B+7.6%58.2%—15.7%17.9%
AAPL FY25$416.2B+6.4%46.9%32.0%26.9%23.7%
MSFT FY26$331.8B+17.8%67.9%46.8%40.3%20.2%
NVDA FY26$215.9B+65.5%71.1%60.4%55.6%—
MU FY26$133.2B+256.3%80.7%74.6%63.8%44.3%
ORCL FY26$67.4B+17.3%—30.6%25.4%-35.2%
CSCO FY26$63.3B+11.8%64.5%24.3%21.0%20.2%
INTC FY25$52.9B-0.5%34.8%-4.2%-0.5%-9.4%
AVGO FY24$51.6B+44.0%63.0%26.1%—37.6%
QCOM FY25$44.3B+13.7%—27.9%12.5%—
CRM FY26$41.5B+9.6%77.7%20.1%18.0%34.7%

Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL company facts (10-Q / 10-K), snapshot generated 2026-11-03 for 218 tickers. Q4 values are derived as the 10-K annual less the first nine months, since Q4 is not separately tagged in company facts; cash-flow quarterly values are derived from year-to-date filings the same way. Free cash flow = operating cash flow − capital expenditures. Blank cells mean the filing does not report that line item under a standard US-GAAP tag — nothing is estimated or filled in. Descriptive research, not investment advice. How EarnIQ builds fundamentals.